Experimental Study on Mineral Processing Scheme of Lead Zinc Oxide Ore

The methods of treating lead-zinc oxide ore include sulfide flotation, direct flotation with anionic collector, chelator-neutral oil flotation and leaching-flotation, among which sulfide flotation is the main one. Because lead and zinc deposits often have sulfide ore, sulfide oxide mixed ore and oxide ore at the same time, so as far as a single flotation process is concerned, It is also divided into the first lead and then zinc preferential flotation (the sorting sequence is lead sulfide - lead oxide - zinc sulfide - zinc oxide), the first sulfide ore and then the mixed flotation of oxide ore (the sorting sequence is lead sulfide - zinc sulfide - lead oxide - zinc oxide), the floating principle of floating easy ore and then floating difficult ore.

The conventional recovery method of lead oxide ore is xanthoxanthate after vulcanization, and the main method of zinc oxide ore recovery is primary amine collector after vulcanization.

In view of the current middle and low grade lead-zinc oxide ore resources, the focus of research tends to be on the combined process of beneficiation and smelting, that is, the technical plan of flotation, to produce the combined technical requirements of lead-zinc oxide concentrate, but not necessarily the high grade lead-zinc concentrate required by the national standard; Metallurgy can use sulfuric acid to complete a series of processes such as leaching and purification to obtain the corresponding metal. Such as flotation + beneficiation process.

Complex lead-zinc oxide ore, generally need to use flotation + hydrometallurgy combined method, in order to recover a large number of metals, such as the Russian concentrator design Institute Ural Branch, using flotation + hydrometallurgy combined process to treat polymetallic lead-zinc oxide ore, the results obtained a higher metal recovery. The metallic minerals in the ore include white lead, plumboalum, plumboferroite, zinc, a small amount of galena, sphalerite, malachite, copper, limonite, ferric hydroxide, pyrite, pyrrhotite, etc. The non-metallic minerals include quartz, sericite, biotite, etc. Raw ore grade: Lead 2.74%, copper 0.46%, zinc 1.54%; Ore oxidation rate: Lead 94.9%, zinc 74.7%, copper 54.3%. The ore is characterized by complex mineral composition, the valuable component is almost entirely oxidized ore, and there is a large amount of iron hydroxide, the ore belongs to refractory oxidized lead-zinc ore.

If only the single flotation process is used, only 39.95% Pb grade lead concentrate can be obtained, the recovery rate is only 68.8%, copper and zinc have no industrial recovery value. The tailings of lead flotation were later treated by hydrometallurgy, and 21.4% of lead, 60.0% of copper and 84.3% of zinc were effectively recovered. This idea is applied to the industrial practice, that is, using the "floatation-hydrometallurgical process", and finally reaching the recovery index of 90% lead, 60% copper and 84.3% zinc. The process flow is shown in the figure.

The technical team of Tuxingsun used single flotation method to carry out beneficiation test, and recovered lead and zinc from lead-zinc oxide ore. The flotation recovery rates were 76.9% and 63%~66%, respectively. If flotation - hydrometallurgy method was used to treat lead, the lead grade was increased by about 10 percentage points under the premise of ensuring the same recovery rate. The recovery rate of zinc was increased by 70.17% from 63% to 66%. In addition, 42.4 percent of the copper was recovered.

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